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ASTRONOMY - Geminid Meteors over Xinglong Observatory

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ASTRONOMY - Messier Craters in Stereo

 2020 December 11

Messier Craters in Stereo
Image Credit: Apollo 11, NASA; Stereo Image Copyright Patrick Vantuyne

Explanation: Many bright nebulae and star clusters in planet Earth's sky are associated with the name of astronomer Charles Messier from his famous 18th century catalog. His name is also given to these two large and remarkable craters on the Moon. Standouts in the dark, smooth lunar Sea of Fertility or Mare Fecunditatis, Messier (left) and Messier A have dimensions of 15 by 8 and 16 by 11 kilometers respectively. Their elongated shapes are explained by the extremely shallow-angle trajectory followed by an impactor, moving left to right, that gouged out the craters. The shallow impact also resulted in two bright rays of material extending along the surface to the right, beyond the picture. Intended to be viewed with red/blue glasses (red for the left eye), this striking stereo picture of the crater pair was recently created from high resolution scans of two images (AS11-42-6304, AS11-42-6305) taken during the Apollo 11 mission to the Moon.

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ASTRONOMY - Arecibo Telescope Collapse

 2020 December 9

Arecibo Telescope Collapse
Video Credit: Arecibo Observatory, NSF

Explanation: This was one great scientific instrument. Starting in 1963, the 305-meters across Arecibo Telescope in Puerto Rico USA reigned as the largest single-dish radio telescope in the world for over 50 years. Among numerous firsts and milestones, data from Arecibo has been used to measure the spin of Mercury, map the surface of Venus, discover the first planets outside of our Solar System, verify the existence of gravitational radiation, search for extraterrestrial intelligence, and, reportedly, locate hidden military radar by tracking their reflections from the Moon. Past its prime and in the process of being decommissioned, the Arecibo Telescope suffered a catastrophic structural collapse early this month, as seen in the featured composite video.

ASTRONOMY - Great Conjunction over Sicilian Lighthouse

 2020 December 8

Great Conjunction over Sicilian Lighthouse
Image Credit & Copyright: Kevin Saragozza

Explanation: Don’t miss the coming great conjunction. In just under two weeks, the two largest planets in our Solar System will angularly pass so close together in Earth's sky that the Moon would easily be able to cover them both simultaneously. This pending planetary passage -- on December 21 -- will be the closest since 1623. Jupiter and Saturn will remain noticeably bright and can already be seen together toward the southwest just after sunset. Soon after dusk is the best time to see them -- because they set below the horizon soon after. In mid-November, the Jovian giants were imaged together here about three degrees apart -- and slowly closing. The featured image, including a crescent moon, captured the dynamic duo beyond the Cape Murro di Porco Lighthouse in Syracuse, Sicily, Italy.

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METEOROLOGY - Mammatus Clouds over Mount Rushmore

 2020 December 7

Mammatus Clouds over Mount Rushmore
Image Credit & Copyright: Laure Mattuzzi

Explanation: What's that below those strange clouds? Presidents. If you look closely, you may recognize the heads of four former US Presidents carved into famous Mount Rushmore in South Dakota, USA. More obvious in the featured image are the unusual mammatus clouds that passed briefly overhead. Both were captured together by a surprised tourist with a quick camera in early September. Unlike normal flat-bottomed clouds which form when moist and calm air plateaus rise and cool, bumpy mammatus clouds form as icy and turbulent air pockets sink and heat up. Such turbulent air is frequently accompanied by a thunderstorm. Each mammatus lobe spans about one kilometer. The greater mountain is known to native Lakota Sioux as Six Grandfathers, deities responsible for the directions north, south, east, west, up, and down.

AERONAUTIQUE - Boeing - projet X48

Douglas dans les années 1990. Le projet s'est poursuivi sous la forme d'une collaboration avec la Nasa et l'université britannique de Cranfield pour un appareil à fuselage porteur. Après le X48A, resté dans les cartons, deux modèles réduits baptisés X48B ont été construits et testés en vol. Une autre version, le X48C, a été testé en vol également entre 2012 et 2013.

En 2011, Boeing a présenté ce projet à la Nasa dans le cadre de son étude sur les avions de 2025. On voit ici une image d'artiste avec deux types de motorisation. Les moteurs sont installés sur la partie supérieure, ce qui réduit le bruit perçu au sol. 

© Nasa, The Boeing Company

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