Nombre total de pages vues

30/05/2023

ASTRONOMY - M27: The Dumbbell Nebula

 2023 May 30

An expansive interstellar gas cloud is shown with an orange
interior and outer blue filaments. Many stars are visible in
the dark background. 
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

M27: The Dumbbell Nebula
Image Credit & Copyright: Patrick A. Cosgrove

Explanation: Is this what will become of our Sun? Quite possibly. The first hint of our Sun's future was discovered inadvertently in 1764. At that time, Charles Messier was compiling a list of diffuse objects not to be confused with comets. The 27th object on Messier's list, now known as M27 or the Dumbbell Nebula, is a planetary nebula, one of the brightest planetary nebulae on the sky and visible with binoculars toward the constellation of the Fox (Vulpecula). It takes light about 1000 years to reach us from M27, featured here in colors emitted by sulfur (red), hydrogen (green) and oxygen (blue). We now know that in about 6 billion years, our Sun will shed its outer gases into a planetary nebula like M27, while its remaining center will become an X-ray hot white dwarf star. Understanding the physics and significance of M27 was well beyond 18th century science, though. Even today, many things remain mysterious about planetary nebulas, including how their intricate shapes are created.

29/05/2023

ASTRONOMY - Milky Way over a Turquoise Wonderland

 2023 May 29

A shoreline glowing with blue bioluminescent plankton is shown,
with a stand of trees in the distance. Above all is a starry sky
which includes red nebulae and the central band of our Milky
Way Galaxy.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Milky Way over a Turquoise Wonderland
Image Credit & Copyright: Petr Horálek / Institute of Physics in Opava, Sovena Jani

Explanation: What glows there? The answer depends: sea or sky? In the sea, the unusual blue glow is bioluminescence. Specifically, the glimmer arises from Noctiluca scintillans, single-celled plankton stimulated by the lapping waves. The plankton use their glow to startle and illuminate predators. This mid-February display on an island in the Maldives was so intense that the astrophotographer described it as a turquoise wonderland. In the sky, by contrast, are the more familiar glows of stars and nebulas. The white band rising from the artificially-illuminated green plants is created by billions of stars in the central disk of our Milky Way Galaxy. Also visible in the sky is the star cluster Omega Centauri, toward the left, and the famous Southern Cross asterism in the center. Red-glowing nebulas include the bright Carina Nebula, just right of center, and the expansive Gum Nebula on the upper right.

25/05/2023

ASTRONOMY - Cat's Eye Wide and Deep

 2023 May 25

See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download
the highest resolution version available.

Cat's Eye Wide and Deep
Image Credit & Copyright: Jean-François BaxGuillaume Gruntz

Explanation: The Cat's Eye Nebula (NGC 6543) is one of the best known planetary nebulae in the sky. Its more familiar outlines are seen in the brighter central region of the nebula in this impressive wide-angle view. But this wide and deep image combining data from two telescopes also reveals its extremely faint outer halo. At an estimated distance of 3,000 light-years, the faint outer halo is over 5 light-years across. Planetary nebulae have long been appreciated as a final phase in the life of a sun-like star. More recently, some planetary nebulae are found to have halos like this one, likely formed of material shrugged off during earlier episodes in the star's evolution. While the planetary nebula phase is thought to last for around 10,000 years, astronomers estimate the age of the outer filamentary portions of this halo to be 50,000 to 90,000 years. Visible on the right, some 50 million light-years beyond the watchful planetary nebula, lies spiral galaxy NGC 6552.

24/05/2023

ART FRACTAL - La fractale de Superman

Sur cette fractale, on devine une forme de S orientée en diagonale qui peut faire penser au logo de Superman. De nombreuses couleurs s'entremêlent : le rouge, le jaune, le rose, le bleu, le vert et le gris.
 
© Futura

ARCHEOLOGIE - Une étonnante épave d'un navire romain découvert en Méditerranée


L'épave d'un bateau datant de la Rome antique a été retrouvée sous l'eau à près de 200 mètres de la côte du petit village de Beit Yanai, en Israël. Son exploration a permis d'exhumer une cargaison exceptionnelle de 44 tonnes d'objets architecturaux, faits de marbre véritable.

Un plongeur pensait explorer paisiblement les richesses sous-marines de la mer Méditer année au large de la côte nord-ouest d'Israël, lorsqu'il est tombé sur un trésor bien plus grand : un navire vieux de 1.800 ans, vestige de la civilisation romaine, coulé avec son chargement. Si les archéologues avaient conscience de son existence, ils ignoraient en revanche tout de sa localisation "car l'épave était recouverte de sable", a commenté Koby Sharvit, directeur de l'unité d'archéologie sous-marine de l'Autorité des Antiquités d'Israël (IAA), dans un communiqué cité par Live Science. L'étude de son chargement a surtout permis d'éclairer les connaissances des historiens en matière de travaux publics sous la Rome antique.

MSN

ASTRONOMY - Observatory Aligned with Moon Occulting Jupiter

 2023 May 24

A dark mountain lies in the center with an observatory
building sporting two telescope domes. The background sky
appears dark blue. Behind the center of the observatory
is part of a crescent moon, with an unusual bright spot
to its upper left.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Observatory Aligned with Moon Occulting Jupiter
Image Credit & Copyright: Rick Whitacre; Text: Natalia Lewandowska (SUNY Oswego)

Explanation: Sometimes we witness the Moon moving directly in front of -- called occulting -- one of the planets in our Solar SystemEarlier this month that planet was Jupiter. Captured here was the moment when Jupiter re-appeared from behind the surface of our Moon. The Moon was in its third quarter, two days before the dark New Moon. Now, our Moon is continuously half lit by the Sun, but when in its third quarter, relatively little of that half can be seen from the Earth. Pictured, the Moon itself was aligned behind the famous Lick Observatory in CaliforniaUSA, on the summit of Mount HamiltonCoincidentally, Lick enabled the discovery of a moon of Jupiter: Amalthea, the last visually detected moon of Jupiter after Galileo's observations.

23/05/2023

ASTRONOMY - Tardigrade in Moss

 2023 May 21

An usual looking creature is pictured which may appear
alien but is actually a Earth-dwelling tardigrade. The 
tardigrade has no apparent eyes, a light brown body,
a circular gear-like snout, and claws at the end of its
numerous feet. The tardigrade is seen perched on green moss.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Tardigrade in Moss
Image Credit & Copyright: Nicole Ottawa & Oliver Meckes / Eye of Science / Science Source Images

Explanation: Is this an alien? Probably not, but of all the animals on Earth, the tardigrade might be the best candidate. That's because tardigrades are known to be able to go for decades without food or water, to survive temperatures from near absolute zero to well above the boiling point of water, to survive pressures from near zero to well above that on ocean floors, and to survive direct exposure to dangerous radiations. The far-ranging survivability of these extremophiles was tested in 2011 outside an orbiting space shuttle. Tardigrades are so durable partly because they can repair their own DNA and reduce their body water content to a few percent. Some of these miniature water-bears almost became extraterrestrials in 2011 when they were launched toward to the Martian moon Phobos, and again in 2021 when they were launched toward Earth's own moon, but the former launch failed, and the latter landing crashed. Tardigrades are more common than humans across most of the Earth. Pictured here in a color-enhanced electron micrograph, a millimeter-long tardigrade crawls on moss.

ASTRONOMY - Jupiter's Swirls from Juno

 2023 May 23

The cloud tops of Jupiter are pictured in a closeup
flyby of the Juno spacecraft. A big white oval cloud is
visible in the foreground, while many swirls of many muted
colors are visible trailing behind. A dark night sky is
in the background. 
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Jupiter's Swirls from Juno
Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/SwRI/MSSS; Processing & LicenseKevin M. Gill

Explanation: Big storms are different on Jupiter. On Earth, huge hurricanes and colossal cyclones are centered on regions of low pressure, but on Jupiter, it is the high-pressure, anti-cyclone storms that are the largest. On Earth, large storms can last weeks, but on Jupiter they can last years. On Earth, large storms can be as large as a country, but on Jupiter, large storms can be as large as planet Earth. Both types of storms are known to exhibit lightning. The featured image of Jupiter's clouds was composed from images and data captured by the robotic Juno spacecraft as it swooped close to the massive planet in August 2020.  A swirling white oval is visible nearby, while numerous smaller cloud swirls extend into the distance.  On Jupiter, light-colored clouds are usually higher up than dark clouds. Despite their differences, studying storm clouds on distant Jupiter provides insights into storms and other weather patterns on

20/05/2023

ASTRONOMY - Galileo's Europa

 2023 May 20

See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download
the highest resolution version available.

Galileo's Europa
Image Credit: NASAJPL-CaltechSETI Institute, Cynthia Phillips, Marty Valenti

Explanation: Looping through the Jovian system in the late 1990s, the Galileo spacecraft recorded stunning views of Europa and uncovered evidence that the moon's icy surface likely hides a deep, global ocean. Galileo's Europa image data has been remastered here, with improved calibrations to produce a color image approximating what the human eye might see. Europa's long curving fractures hint at the subsurface liquid water. The tidal flexing the large moon experiences in its elliptical orbit around Jupiter supplies the energy to keep the ocean liquid. But more tantalizing is the possibility that even in the absence of sunlight that process could also supply the energy to support life, making Europa one of the best places to look for life beyond Earth. What kind of life could thrive in a deep, dark, subsurface ocean? Consider planet Earth's own extreme shrimp.

17/05/2023

ASTRONOMY - Sunspot with Light Bridge

 2023 May 17

Dark spots against a yellow background are shown. When
viewed in detail, a light bridge crosses the largest spot,
while the yellow background appears composed of small, 
irregularly shaped components.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Sunspot with Light Bridge
Image Credit & Copyright: Mark Johnston

Explanation: Why would a small part of the Sun appear slightly dark? Visible is a close-up picture of sunspots, depressions on the Sun's surface that are slightly cooler and less bright than the rest of the Sun. The Sun's complex magnetic field creates these cool regions by inhibiting hot material from entering the spots. Sunspots can be larger than the Earth and typically last for about a week. Part of active region AR 3297 crossing the Sun in early May, the large lower sunspot is spanned by an impressive light bridge of hot and suspended solar gas. This high-resolution picture also shows clearly that the Sun's surface is a bubbling carpet of separate cells of hot gas. These cells are known as granules. A solar granule is about 1000 kilometers across and lasts for only about 15 minutes.

16/05/2023

ASTRONOMY - Total Eclipse: The Big Corona

 2023 May 16

A deep image of the Sun's surrounding corona during the 
April 2023 total solar eclipse. The central disk is dark and
many bright and complex rays are seen extending out. A few hot pink
filaments can be seen just around the Sun's edge.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Total Eclipse: The Big Corona
Image Credit & Copyright: Reinhold Wittich

Explanation: Most photographs don't adequately portray the magnificence of the Sun's corona. Seeing the corona first-hand during a total solar eclipse is unparalleled. The human eye can adapt to see coronal features and extent that average cameras usually cannot. Welcome, however, to the digital age. The featured image digitally combined short and long exposures taken in ExmouthAustralia that were processed to highlight faint and extended features in the corona during the total solar eclipse that occurred in April of 2023. Clearly visible are intricate layers and glowing caustics of an ever changing mixture of hot gas and magnetic fields in the Sun's corona. Looping prominences appear bright pink just past the Sun's edge. Images taken seconds before and after the total eclipse show glimpses of the background Sun known as Baily's Beads and diamond ring effect. The next total solar eclipse will cross North America in April of 2024.

15/05/2023

ASTRONOMY - M16: Eagle Nebula Deep Field

 023 May 15

A deep image of the Eagle Nebula in many scientifically
assigned colors. The area around the nebula appears red, but 
the center is blue with unusual pillars visible. 
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

M16: Eagle Nebula Deep Field
Image Credit & Copyright: Gianni Lacroce

Explanation: From afar, the whole thing looks like an eagle. A closer look at the Eagle Nebula, however, shows the bright region is actually a window into the center of a larger dark shell of dust. Through this window, a brightly-lit workshop appears where a whole open cluster of stars is being formed. In this cavity, tall pillars and round globules of dark dust and cold molecular gas remain where stars are still forming. Already visible are several young bright blue stars whose light and winds are burning away and pushing back the remaining filaments and walls of gas and dust. The Eagle emission nebula, tagged M16, lies about 6500 light years away, spans about 20 light-years, and is visible with binoculars toward the constellation of the Serpent (Serpens). This picture involved long and deep exposures and combined three specific emitted colors emitted by sulfur (colored as yellow), hydrogen (red), and oxygen (blue).

14/05/2023

ART FRACTAL - Fractale symétrique aux allures de flocon de neige


Cette fractale associe le rouge, le rose, le blanc et le vert. Sa structure symétrique évoque celle d'un flocon de neige. 

© Futura

AERONAUTIQUE - Avions de légende - Le Fokker Dr.I - l’avion du Baron Rouge


Le Fokker Dr.I (ou Dreidecker, qui signifie « triplan » en allemand) est un avion de chasse allemand qui s'est illustré lors de la première guerre mondiale. Sa structure à trois ailes courtes superposées lui assurait une excellente maniabilité, notamment pour les virages serrés. L'avion a gagné ses lettres de noblesse aux mains de Manfred von Richthofen. Auteur de 80 combats victorieux, il fut surnommé le « Baron Rouge » en raison de la couleur de son appareil.

© Julian Herzog, CC by 3.0

GEMMOLOGIE - La pyrite - L'or des fous


Ce sulfure de fer est susceptible de cristalliser. Il prend alors des reflets dorés. Durant la ruée vers l'or, la pyrite a d'ailleurs été confondue par de nombreux mineurs avec le précieux métal à cause de son éclat et de sa couleur. Cet épisode lui a valu le surnom d' « or des fous ». Couleurs : doré pâle. 

© DidierDescouens, Wikimedia Commons, CC by-sa 3.0

ASTRONOMY - To Fly Free in Space

 2023 May 14

An astronaut is seen hovering over the Earth. In the 
top part of the image, the astronaut is seen against the 
darkness of space. In the lower part of the image, the
Earth is bright blue with white clouds.  
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

To Fly Free in Space
Image Credit: NASASTS-41B

Explanation: What would it be like to fly free in space? At about 100 meters from the cargo bay of the space shuttle Challenger, Bruce McCandless II was living the dream -- floating farther out than anyone had ever been before. Guided by a Manned Maneuvering Unit (MMU), astronaut McCandless, pictured, was floating free in space. During Space Shuttle mission 41-B in 1984McCandless and fellow NASA astronaut Robert Stewart were the first to experience such an "untethered space walk". The MMU worked by shooting jets of nitrogen and was used to help deploy and retrieve satellites. With a mass over 140 kilograms, an MMU is heavy on Earth, but, like everything, is weightless when drifting in orbit. The MMU was later replaced with the SAFER backpack propulsion unit.

13/05/2023

ASTRONOMY - Apollo 17: The Crescent Earth

 2023 May 13

See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download
the highest resolution version available.

Apollo 17: The Crescent Earth
Image Credit: Apollo 17NASARestoration - Toby Ord

Explanation: Our fair planet sports a curved, sunlit crescent against the black backdrop of space in this stunning photograph. From the unfamiliar perspective, the Earth is small and, like a telescopic image of a distant planet, the entire horizon is completely within the field of view. Enjoyed by crews on board the International Space Station, only much closer views of the planet are possible from low Earth orbit. Orbiting the planet once every 90 minutes, a spectacle of clouds, oceans, and continents scrolls beneath them with the partial arc of the planet's edge in the distance. But this digitally restored image presents a view so far only achieved by 24 humans, Apollo astronauts who traveled to the Moon and back again between 1968 and 1972. The original photograph, AS17-152-23420, was taken by the homeward bound crew of Apollo 17, on December 17, 1972. For now it is the last picture of Earth from this planetary perspective taken by human hands.

SANTé/MEDECINE - Un nouveau vaccin pourrait révolutionner le traitement du cancer du pancréas

Le cancer du pancréas est l'un des cancers les plus meurtriers en France. Des chercheurs ont annoncé avoir découvert un moyen d'améliorer les chances de survie des patients en éliminant la capacité des cellules cancéreuses pancréatiques à former des métastases. Cette découverte pourrait changer la donne en retardant la survenue de métastases.

Il se développe à partir d'une cellule initialement normale. À cause de la maladie, elle va soudainement se multiplier de façon anarchique jusqu'à former une tumeurmaligne. Le cancer du pancréas est l'un des plus mortels en France, avec plus de 14 000 nouveaux cas diagnostiqués chaque année. L'incidence de la maladie est en constante augmentation, y compris chez les moins de 50 ans. Les symptômes du cancer du pancréas sont tardifs et peu spécifiques, ce qui rend le diagnostic difficile. Les tumeurs malignes sont souvent diagnostiquées au stade métastatique, réduisant énormément les chances de guérison. Au stade métastatique, la survie à cinq ans est inférieure à 5 %. Des chercheurs de l'université hébraïque de Jérusalem ont peut-être trouvé un moyen d'améliorer le pronostic grâce à l'ARN messager. Leurs travaux ont été publiés dans la prestigieuse revue Nature.

Le rôle de la protéine RBFOX2

L'adénocarcinome canalaire pancréatique est le type de cancer du pancréas le plus courant, représentant 90 % des cas. Les chercheurs ont découvert que des changements dans le traitement des molécules d'ARN conduisent les cellules de l'adénocarcinome canalaire pancréatique à devenir métastatiques. La disparition de la protéine RBFOX2 amène des centaines de gènes à produire des ARN et des protéines d'une manière anormale, conférant aux cellules cancéreuses des capacités invasives. Ce sont ces nouvelles propriétés qui permettent aux cellules de se déplacer dans l'organisme et de former des métastases. En rétablissant la protéine RBFOX2 dans les cellules métastatiques de l'adénocarcinome canalaire pancréatique, l'équipe israélienne a réussi à inhiber la formation de métastases, ouvrant la voie à des traitements plus efficaces.

FuturaSciences

11/05/2023

GEMMOLOGIE - L’aigue-marine, une pierre fine aux couleurs de la mer


L'aigue-marine est une variété de béryl, une espèce minérale du groupe des silicates. Elle est considérée comme une pierre fine. Sa couleur bleu clair caractéristique évoque l'eau de mer, ce qui lui a valu son nom. Couleurs : incolore à bleu verdâtre.
 
© Vassil, Wikimedia Commons, DP

AERONUTIQUE - Avions de légende - Concorde - l’excellence technologique


Fruit d'une collaboration franco-britannique entre Sud-Aviation (devenue Aerospatiale) et la British Aircraft Corporation (devenue British Aerospace), le Concorde est, avec le Tupolev Tu-144 (développé en URSS), le seul avion supersonique à avoir servi au transport de passagers civils.

Fabriqué en 20 exemplaires, ce quadriréacteur a assuré des vols commerciaux de 1976 à 2003, principalement des liaisons transatlantiques. Le vol Paris-New York assuré par Air France durait trois heures et demie. Malgré sa sophistication et son image emblématique, le Concorde fut un échec commercial car trop coûteux à entretenir et trop gourmand en carburant.

Le coup fatal à la carrière de cet avion mythique survint le 25 juillet 2000 lorsqu'un Concorde d'Air France s'écrasa deux minutes après son décollage de l'aéroport Paris-Charles-de-Gaulle, entraînant la mort de 113 personnes. Les derniers vols commerciaux ont eu lieu le 31 mai 2003 pour Air France et le 24 octobre 2003 pour British Airways.

© Indianadinos, CC by-nc 2.0

SANTé/MEDECINE - La gueule de bois

L'alcool a plusieurs effets sur notre organisme. Notamment :- Trouble de l'équilibre : l'équilibre se fait grâce à du liquide présent dans l'oreille interne. Par exemple, lorsque l'on trébuche, le mouvement et la position de ce liquide indiquent au cerveau la perte d'équilibre et commande donc ''le rattrapage'' avec les pieds ou les mains. Seulement l'alcool dérègle l'oreille interne et fausse ainsi les informations arrivant au cerveau. Il commande donc des ''rattrapages'' pour des pertes d'équilibre qui n'en sont pas !!

- Dédoublement de la vision : si vous fermez vos yeux alternativement, vous remarquerez que les objets vus ont un léger décalage d'un oeil à l'autre. En temps normal, le cerveau fait l'amalgame entre la vue rapportée par chacun de nos yeux pour ne nous donner qu'une seule image. Seulement, lorsque nous buvons, le cerveau ne fait plus la jonction entre les images et nous transmet les deux superposées. Comme il y a un léger décalage, çela nous donne l'impression de voir double.

- La ''gueule de bois'' : ceci est dû à une forte déshydratation. En effet l'organisme consomme beaucoup d'eau pour éliminer l'alcool absorbé. La conséquence en est un mal de tête accompagné d'une bouche pâteuse.

Complement internaute :
- La perte d'équilibre : l'équilibre se fait grâce à du liquide présent dans l'oreille interne. Par exemple, lorsque l'on trébuche, le mouvement et la position de ce liquide indiquent au cerveau la perte d'équilibre et commande donc ''le rattrapage'' avec les pieds ou les mains. Seulement l'alcool dérègle l'oreille interne et fausse ainsi les informations arrivant au cerveau.

Pourquois

ASTRONOMY - Fomalhaut's Dusty Debris Disk

2023 May 6
See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download
the highest resolution version available.

Fomalhaut's Dusty Debris Disk
Image Credit: NASAESACSAProcessing: András Gáspár (Univ. of Arizona), Alyssa Pagan (STScI), Science: A. Gáspár (Univ. of Arizona) et al.

Explanation: Fomalhaut is a bright star, a 25 light-year voyage from planet Earth in the direction of the constellation Piscis Austrinus. Astronomers first noticed Fomalhaut's excess infrared emission in the 1980s. Space and ground-based telescopes have since identified the infrared emission's source as a disk of dusty debris surrounding the hot, young star related to the ongoing formation of a planetary system. But this sharp infrared image from the James Webb Space Telescope's MIRI camera reveals details of Fomalhaut's debris disk never before seen, including a large dust cloud in the outer ring that is possible evidence for colliding bodies, and an inner dust disk and gap likely shaped and maintained by embedded but unseen planets. An image scale bar in au or astronomical units, the average Earth-Sun distance, appears at the lower left. Fomalhaut's outer circumstellar dust ring lies at about twice the distance of our own Solar System's Kuiper Belt of small icy bodies and debris beyond the orbit of Neptune. 

10/05/2023

ASTRONOMY - Milky Way over Egyptian Desert

 2023 May 10

A person in silhouette looks out over a desert punctuated by
unusual rock formations. High above is a colorful sky including the
band of our Milky Way Galaxy and the Rho Ophiuchi star clouds.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Milky Way over Egyptian Desert
Image Credit & Copyright: Amr Abdelwahab

Explanation: For ten years the stargazer dreamed of taking a picture like this. The dreamer knew that the White Desert National Park in Egypt's Western Desert is a picturesque place hosting numerous chalk formations sculpted into surreal structures by a sandy wind. The dreamer knew that the sky above could be impressively dark on a clear moonless night, showing highlights such as the central band of our Milky Way Galaxy in impressive color and detail. So the dreamer invited an even more experienced astrophotographer to spend three weeks together in the desert and plan the composite images that needed to be taken and processed to create the dream image. Over three days in mid-March, the base images were taken, all with the same camera and from the same location. The impressive result is featured here, with the dreamer -- proudly wearing a traditional Bedouin galabyia -- pictured in the foreground.

09/05/2023

ASTRONOMY - Shadows of Earth

 2023 May 9

A sunset sky over Sicily is shown with, from top to bottom, a pink 
atmospheric band, a blue atmospheric band containing the Moon, a band
with land containing buildings, and a band of water reflecting the 
pink and blue atmospheric bands.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Shadows of Earth
Image Credit & Copyright: Marcella Giulia Pace

Explanation: Can you find two Earth shadows in today's image? It's a bit tricky. To find the first shadow, observe that the top part of the atmosphere appears pink and the lower part appears blue. This is because the top half is exposed to direct sunlight, while the lower part is not. The purple area in between is known as the Belt of Venus, even though Venus can only appear on the other side of the sky, near the Sun. The blue color of the lower atmosphere is caused by the Earth blocking sunlight, creating Earth shadow number 1. Now, where is the second Earth shadow? Take a look at the Moon. Do you notice something unusual about the lower left part? That area appears unusually dark because it is in the shadow of the Earth, creating Earth shadow number 2. To be precise, the Moon was captured during a lunar eclipse. This carefully timed image was taken in SampieriSicilyItaly, in July 2018.

MUSIC - Vangelis - Conquest of Paradise

"Conquest of Paradise"

08/05/2023

ASTRONOMY - The Spanish Dancer Spiral Galaxy

 2023 May 8

A majestic spiral galaxy is shown with spirals of bright
blue stars, bright red nebulae, and dark dust.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

The Spanish Dancer Spiral Galaxy
Image Credit: ESANASAHubbleProcessing: Detlev Odenthal

Explanation: If not perfect, then this spiral galaxy is at least one of the most photogenic. An island universe containing billions of stars and situated about 40 million light-years away toward the constellation of the Dolphinfish (Dorado), NGC 1566 presents a gorgeous face-on view. Classified as a grand design spiral, NGC 1566 shows two prominent and graceful spiral arms that are traced by bright blue star clusters and dark cosmic dust lanes. Numerous Hubble Space Telescope images of NGC 1566 have been taken to study star formationsupernovas, and the spiral's unusually active center. Some of these images, stored online in the Hubble Legacy Archive, were freely downloaded, combined, and digitally processed by an industrious amateur to create the featured image. NGC 1566's flaring center makes the spiral one of the closest and brightest Seyfert galaxies, likely housing a central supermassive black hole wreaking havoc on surrounding stars and gas.

06/05/2023

GEMMOLOGIE - La précieuse émeraude verte


L'émeraude est une des quatre pierres précieuses. Sa couleur verte caractéristique provient de traces de chrome, de vanadium et parfois de fer. Sa formation nécessite des conditions géologiques exceptionnelles, ce qui la rend très rare. Couleur : vert.

© Rob Lavinsky, Wikimedia Commons, CC by-sa 3.0

AERONAUTIQUE - Avions de légende - Le Stampe SV-4, l'avion biplan d'école devenu voltigeur


Imaginez une voiture d'auto-école grâce à laquelle des conducteurs deviendraient champions du monde de rallye automobile. C'est l'histoire du Stampe & Vertongen SV-4. Dessiné en Belgique dans les années 1930 par Jean Stampe et Alfred Renard, il a été commercialisé à quelques exemplaires dans son pays natal et au Royaume-Uni. Environ 850 ont été construits à partir de 1946, en France par la SNCAN (Société nationale de constructions aéronautiques du Nord), et en Algérie par les AIA (Ateliers industriels de l'aéronautique).

Le biplan, maniable et démonstratif, a servi d'avion d'école de début pour les futurs pilotes professionnels, civils et militaires. Leurs moniteurs inventent avec lui une nouvelle voltige et le SV-4A sera régulièrement champion du monde jusque dans les années 1960. Quasiment donné aux aéroclubs français, il a formé des milliers de pilotes amateurs. À partir des années 1980, il devient un avion culte, amoureusement restauré, et certains en refabriquent. Pourquoi le Stampe vole-t-il encore aujourd'hui ? Parce que c'est un merveilleux avion.

© Le Vieux Biplan
FuturaSciences

ART FRACTAL - L'ensemble de Mandelbrot, la plus célèbre fractale


Que se passe-t-il lorsque la foudre touche une mosquée ? Avec ses couleurs chatoyantes dans les tons bleus et jaunes, cette image semble donner la réponse. Il s'agit en réalité d'un détail de l'ensemble de Mandelbrot, une fractale complexe très étudiée. 

© Futura

ASTRONOMIE - Astres de la Voie Lactée - GJ 436b - Une géante gazeuse


L'exoplanète GJ 436b a été découverte grâce au satellite Spitzer. Située à 33 années-lumière de la Terre, cette géante gazeuse, représentée ici par une vue d'artiste, secoue le monde de la planétologie. Alors que les lois de la thermochimie impliquaient qu'une planète de ce type devrait être riche en méthane et pauvre en monoxyde de carbone (CO), comme c'est le cas dans le Système solaire, GJ 436b contredit tous les modèles actuels. En effet, les observations de cette planète ne montrent pas de traces de méthane et, à l'inverse, une abondance de CO.

© Nasa, DP

ASTRONOMY - Twilight in a Flower

 2023 May 6

See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download
the highest resolution version available.

Twilight in a Flower
Image Credit & Copyright: Dario Giannobile

Explanation: Transformed into the petals of a flower, 16 exposures show the passage of day into night in this creative timelapse skyscape. Start at the top and move counterclockwise to follow consecutive moments as the twilight sky turns an ever darker blue and night blossoms. Each exposure was recorded on the evening of April 22, calculated to maintain a consistent balance of light and color. Close to the western horizon on that date, a crescent Moon and Venus are the two brightest celestial beacons. Petal to petal the pair spiral closer to the flower's center. In silhouette around the center of the twilight flower are Sicily's megalithic rocks of Argimusco.

05/05/2023

ASTRONOMY - Shackleton from ShadowCam

 2023 May 5

See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download
the highest resolution version available.

Shackleton from ShadowCam
Image Credit: NASAShadowCamKorea Aerospace Research InstituteArizona State University

Explanation: Shackleton crater lies at the lunar south pole. Peaks along the 21 kilometer diameter are in sunlight, but Shackleton's floor is in dark permanent shadow. Still, this image of the shadowed rim wall and floor of Shackleton crater was captured from NASA's ShadowCam, an instrument on board the Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO) launched in August 2022. About 200 times more sensitive than, for example, the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter's Narrow Angle Camera, ShadowCam was designed image the permanently shadowed regions of the lunar surface. Avoiding direct sunlight, those regions are expected to be reservoirs of water-ice and other volatiles deposited by ancient cometary impacts and useful to future Moon missions. Of course, the permanently shadowed regions are still illuminated by reflections of sunlight from nearby lunar terrain. In this stunningly detailed ShadowCam image, an arrow marks the track made by a single boulder rolling down Shackleton crater's wall. The image scale is indicated at the bottom of the frame.

04/05/2023

ASTRONOMY - The Galaxy / the Jet / and a Famous Black Hole

 2023 May 4

See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download
the highest resolution version available.

The Galaxy, the Jet, and a Famous Black Hole
Image Credit: NASAJPL-CaltechEvent Horizon Telescope Collaboration

Explanation: Bright elliptical galaxy Messier 87 (M87) is home to the supermassive black hole captured in 2017 by planet Earth's Event Horizon Telescope in the first ever image of a black hole. Giant of the Virgo galaxy cluster about 55 million light-years away, M87 is the large galaxy rendered in blue hues in this infrared image from the Spitzer Space telescope. Though M87 appears mostly featureless and cloud-like, the Spitzer image does record details of relativistic jets blasting from the galaxy's central region. Shown in the inset at top right, the jets themselves span thousands of light-years. The brighter jet seen on the right is approaching and close to our line of sight. Opposite, the shock created by the otherwise unseen receding jet lights up a fainter arc of material. Inset at bottom right, the historic black hole image is shown in context, at the center of giant galaxy and relativistic jets. Completely unresolved in the Spitzer image, the supermassive black hole surrounded by infalling material is the source of enormous energy driving the relativistic jets from the center of active galaxy M87. The Event Horizon Telescope image of M87 has now been enhanced to reveal a sharper view of the famous supermassive black hole.

SANTé/MEDECINE - Excès de consommation de sucre - Impuretés de la peau - 2/7

Le sucre entraîne une augmentation de la production de sébum et peut favoriser des problèmes cutanés comme la rosacée, l’acné ou l’eczéma. Vous pouvez combattre ces problèmes en contrôlant et en réduisant votre consommation de sucre. Ceci rendra votre peau beaucoup plus propre, douce et lisse.

Lastucerie

03/05/2023

SANTé/MEDECINE - Excès de consommation de sucre - Fatigue et épuisement - 1/7

 



Le manque d’énergie est un signe clair qu’il y a trop de sucre dans le sang. Même si le sucre augmente temporairement votre niveau d’énergie, il diminuera rapidement et vous vous sentirez fatigué toute la journée. Cela se manifeste souvent par des cernes autour des yeux, qui deviennent visibles malgré un sommeil suffisant.

Lastucerie

ASTRONOMY - Centaurus A: A Peculiar Island of Stars

2023 May 3
A long duration image of the unusual galaxy Centaurus A.
The galaxy appears as a light oval with a complex dark dust
lane running across its center. A starfield surrounds the galaxy.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Centaurus A: A Peculiar Island of Stars
Image Credit & Copyright: Marco Lorenzi, Angus Lau & Tommy Tse; Text: Natalia Lewandowska (SUNY Oswego)

Explanation: Galaxies are fascinating. In galaxies, gravity alone holds together massive collections of stars, dust, interstellar gas, stellar remnants and dark matter. Pictured is NGC 5128, better known as Centaurus A. Cen A is the fifth brightest galaxy on the sky and is located at a distance of about 12 million light years from Earth. The warped shape of Cen A is the result of a merger between an elliptical and a spiral galaxy. Its active galactic nucleus harbors a supermassive black hole that is about 55 million times more massive than our Sun. This central black hole ejects a fast jet visible in both radio and X-ray light. Filaments of the jet are visible in red in the upper left. New observations by the Event Horizon Telescope have revealed a brightening of the jet only towards its edges -- but for reasons that are currently unknown and an active topic of research. 

GEMMOLOGIE - La fluorite, le quartz et la rhodochrosite

 

Les minéraux peuvent se rencontrer. Sur cette image, on peut observer un mélange de fluorite (rose clair), de quartz (translucide) et de rhodochrosite (rose éclatant). Ces trois pierres sont très appréciées en joaillerie. 

© Rob Lavinsky, Wikimedia Commons, CC by-sa 3.0
FuturaSciences

02/05/2023

ASTRONOMY - Flat Rock Hills on Mars

 2023 May 2

A view of Mars from the Curiosity rover on Mars 
is pictured in black and white. Many rocks and hills are 
visible, with a hill containing many unusually flat rocks 
visible on the right.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Flat Rock Hills on Mars
Image Credit & Copyright: NASAJPL-CaltechMSSS; Processing: Neville Thompson

Explanation: Why are there so many flat rocks on Mars? Some views of plains and hills on Mars show many rocks that are unusually flat when compared to rocks on Earth. One reason for this is a process that is common to both Mars and Earth: erosion. The carbon-dioxide wind on Mars can act like sandpaper when it blows around gritty Martian sand. This sand can create differential erosion, smoothing over some rocks, while wearing down the tops of other long-exposed stones. The featured image capturing several hills covered with flat-topped rocks was taken last month by NASA's Curiosity Rover on Mars. This robotic rover has now been rolling across Mars for ten years and has helped uncover many details of the wet and windy past of Earth's planetary neighbor. After taking this and other images, Curiosity carefully navigated stones and slippery sand to climb up Marker Band Valley.

01/05/2023

AERONAUTIQUE - Avions de légende -Le Spirit of St. Louis (l'avion de Charles Lindbergh) et la traversée de l’Atlantique


Le 21 mai 1927, le Spirit of St. Louis piloté par l'aviateur américain Charles Lindbergh se pose sur l'aéroport du Bourget (au nord-est de Paris) après avoir parcouru d'une traite 5.808 kilomètres depuis l'aérodrome Roosevelt de Long Island (New-York, États-Unis).

Cette première traversée transatlantique s'est faite en 33 h et 30 mn dans des conditions épiques. Afin d'alléger au maximum l'appareil et d'embarquer le plus de carburant possible, Charles Lindbergh avait renoncé à emporter un parachute et une radio. Le pilote a effectué l'essentiel du vol aux instruments car la fenêtre frontale de l'appareil était obstruée par un réservoir d'essence.

© Wally Gobetz, CC by-nc 2.0
FuturaSciences

ASTRONOMY - Carina Nebula North

 2023 May 1

The featured image shows the northern part of the
Great Carina Nebula featuring the Gabriela Mistral Nebula as well
as other nebulae and star clusters.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Carina Nebula North
Image Credit & Copyright: Carlos Taylor

Explanation: The Great Carina Nebula is home to strange stars and iconic nebulas. Named for its home constellation, the huge star-forming region is larger and brighter than the Great Orion Nebula but less well known because it is so far south -- and because so much of humanity lives so far north. The featured image shows in great detail the northernmost part of the Carina Nebula. On the bottom left is the Gabriela Mistral Nebula consisting of an emission nebula of glowing gas (IC 2599) surrounding the small open cluster of stars (NGC 3324). Above the image center is the larger star cluster NGC 3293, while to its right is the emission nebula Loden 153. The most famous occupant of the Carina Nebula, however, is not shown. Off the image to the lower right is the bright, erratic, and doomed star known as Eta Carinae -- a star once one of the brightest stars in the sky and now predicted to explode in a supernova sometime in the next few million years.

SANTé/MEDECINE - Virus et bactéries mortels - Le virus de la rage

Grâce aux travaux de Louis Pasteur , la rage a très nettement reculé dans le monde. On dénombre tout de même plus de 50.000 morts humains s...