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06/02/2022

ASTRONOMY - Blue Marble Earth

 2022 February 6

The featured image shows a full face of Earth as 
photographed by the Apollo 17 Crew in 1972.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Blue Marble Earth
Image Credit: NASAApollo 17 Crew

Explanation: Welcome to planet Earth, the third planet from a star named the Sun. The Earth is shaped like a sphere and composed mostly of rock. Over 70 percent of the Earth's surface is water. The planet has a relatively thin atmosphere composed mostly of nitrogen and oxygen. The featured picture of Earth, dubbed The Blue Marble, was taken from Apollo 17 in 1972 and features Africa and Antarctica. It is thought to be one of the most widely distributed photographs of any kind. Earth has a single large Moon that is about 1/4 of its diameter and, from the planet's surface, is seen to have almost exactly the same angular size as the Sun. With its abundance of liquid water, Earth supports a large variety of life forms, including potentially intelligent species such as dolphins and humans. Please enjoy your stay on planet Earth.

05/02/2022

ASTRONOMY - Symbiotic R Aquarii

 2022 February 5

See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download
the highest resolution version available.

Symbiotic R Aquarii
Image Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/SAO/R. Montez et al.; Optical: Data: NASA/ESA/STScI, Processing: Judy Schmidt (CC BY-NC-SA)

Explanation: Variable star R Aquarii is actually an interacting binary star system, two stars that seem to have a close symbiotic relationship. Centered in this space-based optical/x-ray composite image it lies about 710 light years away. The intriguing system consists of a cool red giant star and hot, dense white dwarf star in mutual orbit around their common center of mass. With binoculars you can watch as R Aquarii steadily changes its brightness over the course of a year or so. The binary system's visible light is dominated by the red giant, itself a Mira-type long period variable star. But material in the cool giant star's extended envelope is pulled by gravity onto the surface of the smaller, denser white dwarf, eventually triggering a thermonuclear explosion, blasting material into space. Astronomers have seen such outbursts over recent decades. Evidence for much older outbursts is seen in these spectacular structures spanning almost a light-year as observed by the Hubble Space Telescope (in red and blue). Data from the Chandra X-ray Observatory (in purple) shows the X-ray glow from shock waves created as a jet from the white dwarf strikes surrounding material.

AERONAUTIQUE - Solar Impulse, l’avion solaire


Solar Impulse est un projet d'avion solaire initié en 2003 par l'aventurier suisse Bertrand Piccard et le pilote André Borschberg, accompagnés par l'École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne. Ce monoplace dispose d'une envergure de 72 mètres et de quatre moteurs électriques (de 13,5 kW chacun) alimentés par 11.628 cellules photovoltaïques.

© Matth1, GFDL
Futura Sciences

03/02/2022

ASTRONOMY - Embraced by light

 2022 February 3

See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download
the highest resolution version available.

Embraced by Sunlight

Explanation: Even though Venus (left) was the brightest planet in the sky it was less than 1/30th the apparent size of the Moon on January 29. But as both rose before the Sun they shared a crescent phase. For a moment their visible disks were each about 12 percent illuminated as they stood above the southeastern horizon. The similar sunlit crescents were captured in these two separate images. Made at different magnifications, each panel is a composite of stacked video frames taken with a small telescope. Venus goes through a range of phases like the Moon as the inner planet wanders from evening sky to morning sky and back again with a period of 584 days. Of course the Moon completes its own cycle of phases, a full lunation, in about 29.5 days.

02/02/2022

AERONAUTIQUE - L'E-Fan d'Airbus, avion entièrement électrique

L'E-Fan est un avion électrique bimoteur dont le développement par Airbus Group Innovations a débuté en 2011. Il peut voler durant une heure à 160 km/h de moyenne grâce à ses batteries lithium-ion situées dans les ailes et ses deux moteurs électriques développant 60 kW. Le 10 juillet 2015, l'E-Fan a effectué une traversée de la Manche en reliant Lydd, en Angleterre, à Calais.

© Marc Schieferdecker, CC by-nc 2.0
FuturaSciences

01/02/2022

ASTRONOMY - Moon phases 2022

 2022 February 1

Moon Phases 2022
Video Credit: Data: Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter ; Animation: NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio;
Music: Build the Future (Universal Production Music), Alexander Hitchens

Explanation: What will the Moon phase be on your birthday this year? It is hard to predict because the Moon's appearance changes nightly. As the Moon orbits the Earth, the half illuminated by the Sun first becomes increasingly visible, then decreasingly visible. The featured video animates images and altitude data taken by NASA's Moon-orbiting Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter to show all 12 lunations that appear this year, 2022 -- as seen from Earth's northern (southern) hemisphere. A single lunation describes one full cycle of our Moon, including all of its phases. A full lunation takes about 29.5 days, just under a month (moon-th). As each lunation progresses, sunlight reflects from the Moon at different angles, and so illuminates different features differently. During all of this, of course, the Moon always keeps the same face toward the Earth. What is less apparent night-to-night is that the Moon's apparent size changes slightly, and that a slight wobble called a libration occurs as the Moon progresses along its elliptical orbit.

31/01/2022

MICROPHOTOGRAPHIE - Mélange à base d'acide citrique


Des escarpements rocheux tombant à pic. Peut-être le résultat de l'action de l'eau. Des falaises donc, présentées en fausses couleurs pour en faire ressortir les reliefs. C'est le travail que Marek Miś aime mener. Dévoiler dans l'infiniment petit, des motifs qui ressemblent aux paysages qui nous sont familiers. Ou presque.

Pour cette fois, il a choisi de mélanger acide citrique et hématoxyline. L'acide citrique, comme son nom le laisse entendre, c'est celui que l'on trouve abondamment dans le citron. Mais il se trouve aussi dans d'autres fruits et légumes. Il est notamment employé comme acidifiant ou dans un autre registre, pour réduire la rouille ! L'hématoxyline, de son côté, est un colorant couramment utilisé en histologie. Il teinte les noyaux des cellules en bleu violet. De quoi étudier les tissus biologiques.

Mais sur cette photo, pas de vivant. Comme d'habitude, Marek Miś a simplement laissé faire la nature morte, une lumière polarisée avec laquelle il éclaire la scène et un grossissement de 100 fois.

Cliché réalisé à l'aide d'un microscope Olympus BH-2 et d'un appareil Pentax K5.

© Marek Miś, Tous droits réservés.
FuturaSciences

30/01/2022

ART FRACTAL - Fractale naturelle de cristal de gallium

 

Ce cristal de gallium est une fractale trouvée sous terre. On trouve cet élément chimique (de symbole Ga et de numéro atomique 31) dans le minerai de bauxite et dans les minerais de zinc.

© Foobar, Wikimedia Commons, CC by-sa 3.0
FuturaSciences

AERONAUTIQUE - Avions de légende - Airbus A380

 

L'A380 d'Airbus est un avion de ligne long-courrier qui fait partie des plus gros avions civils de transport. Ce quadriréacteur à double pont peut emporter jusqu'à 853 passagers ou 150 tonnes de fret selon sa configuration. Il dispose d'une autonomie de 15.400 kilomètres, ce qui lui permet de relier New York à Hong Kong sans escale.

© Steevie, GFDL
FuturaSciences

ASTRONOMY - A solar prominence from SOHO

 2022 January 30

The featured image shows the Sun with a large eruptive
prominence on the upper left. The image was taken with NASA's
SOHO satellite in 1999. 
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

A Solar Prominence from SOHO
Image Credit: NASAESASOHO-EIT Consortium

Explanation: How can gas float above the Sun? Twisted magnetic fields arching from the solar surface can trap ionized gas, suspending it in huge looping structures. These majestic plasma arches are seen as prominences above the solar limb. In 1999, this dramatic and detailed image was recorded by the Extreme ultraviolet Image Telescope (EIT) on board the space-based SOHO observatory in the light emitted by ionized Helium. It shows hot plasma escaping into space as a fiery prominence breaks free from magnetic confinement a hundred thousand kilometers above the Sun. These awesome events bear watching as they can affect communications and power systems over 100 million kilometers away on planet Earth. In late 2020 our Sun passed the solar minimum of its 11-year cycle and is now showing increased surface activity.

ASTRONOMY - The Variable Nebula NGC 2261

 2025 January 31 The Variable Nebula NGC 2261 Image Credit &  Copyright :   Tommy Lease  (Denver Astronomical Society) Explanation:  The...