ASTRONOMY - Planets Over Egyptian Pyramid

 2022 May 4

Planets Over Egyptian Pyramid
Image Credit & Copyright: Osama Fatehi

Explanation: The early morning planet parade continues. Visible the world over, the planets Jupiter, Venus, Mars and Saturn have been lining up in the pre-dawn sky since mid-April. In the featured image taken last month, these planets were captured over the Step Pyramid of Djoser, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Saqqara necropolis of Egypt, the pyramid was constructed in the 27th century BC and is one of the oldest pyramids known. The two-image composite includes a foreground image taken during evening blue hour, and a background image captured from the same location the following morning. The morning planet line-up is slowly changing. At the end of last month, planets Jupiter and Venus switched places, while at the end of this month, Jupiter and Mars will switch after passing within one-degree of each other. Of course, this picturesque planetary angular alignment is a coincidence, as all of these worlds continue to orbit the Sun as they have for billions of years, well before even the ancient Pyramid of Djoser was built.

ASTRONOMY - Mercury's Sodium Tail

 2022 May 3

Mercury's Sodium Tail
Image Credit & Copyright: Sebastian Voltmer

Explanation: That's no comet. Below the Pleiades star cluster is actually a planet: Mercury. Long exposures of our Solar System's innermost planet may reveal something unexpected: a tail. Mercury's thin atmosphere contains small amounts of sodium that glow when excited by light from the Sun. Sunlight also liberates these molecules from Mercury's surface and pushes them away. The yellow glow from sodium, in particular, is relatively bright. Pictured, Mercury and its sodium tail are visible in a deep image taken last week from La Palma, Spain through a filter that primarily transmits yellow light emitted by sodium. First predicted in the 1980s, Mercury's tail was first discovered in 2001. Many tail details were revealed in multiple observations by NASA's robotic MESSENGER spacecraft that orbited Mercury between 2011 and 2015. Tails, of course, are usually associated with comets.

ASTRONOMY - Partial Solar Eclipse over Argentina

 2022 May 2

Partial Solar Eclipse over Argentina
Image Credit & Copyright: Aixa Andrada

Explanation: What's happened to the Sun? Two days ago, parts of South America were treated to a partial solar eclipse -- where the Moon blocked out part of the Sun. The featured image shows an image of the partially eclipsed Sun through clouds as it was setting over Patagonia, Argentina. In the tilted image, Earth is toward the right. During the eclipse, the Moon moved partly between Earth and the Sun. Although a visually impressive sight, the slight dimming of surroundings during this partial eclipse was less noticeable than dimming created by a thick cloud. In about two weeks, all of South America and part of North America will experience a total lunar eclipse -- where the Earth moves completely between the Moon and the Sun. In about two years, a total solar eclipse will cross North America.

PHOTOMICROGRAPHIE - Portrait d’une larve de chrysope

Portrait d'une larve de chrysope (Chrysopa sp.). Les chrysopes sont des insectes de l'ordre des Neuroptères. Les larves sont particulièrement appréciées en verger puisqu'elles sont prédatrices et se nourrissent notamment d'aphides (pucerons). L'assemblage de leurs mandibules et maxilles, bien visible sur la photo, forme un croc suceur qui permet d'aspirer les liquides corporels de leurs proies. Microscope confocal. Grossissement 20x.

Dr. Igor Siwanowicz, Institut Max Planck de Neurobiologie, Martinsried, Allemagne

FuturaSciences

ASTRONOMY - First Horizon-Scale Image of a Black Hole

 2022 May 1

First Horizon-Scale Image of a Black Hole
Image Credit: Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration

Explanation: What does a black hole look like? To find out, radio telescopes from around the Earth coordinated observations of black holes with the largest known event horizons on the sky. Alone, black holes are just black, but these monster attractors are known to be surrounded by glowing gas. This first image resolves the area around the black hole at the center of galaxy M87 on a scale below that expected for its event horizon. Pictured, the dark central region is not the event horizon, but rather the black hole's shadow -- the central region of emitting gas darkened by the central black hole's gravity. The size and shape of the shadow is determined by bright gas near the event horizon, by strong gravitational lensing deflections, and by the black hole's spin. In resolving this black hole's shadow, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) bolstered evidence that Einstein's gravity works even in extreme regions, and gave clear evidence that M87 has a central spinning black hole of about 6 billion solar masses. Since releasing this featured image in 2019, the EHT has expanded to include more telescopes, observe more black holes, track polarized light,and is working to observe the immediately vicinity of the black hole in the center of our Milky Way Galaxy.

ASTRONOMY - Lyrid of the Lake

 2022 April 28

Lyrid of the Lake
Image Credit & Copyright: Jeff Dai (TWAN)

Explanation: In the early hours of April 24 this bright Lyrid meteor flashed along the central Milky Way. For a moment, it cast a bright reflection across Lake Nian, Yunnan province, China. The annual Lyrid meteor shower, one of the oldest known, is active in late April, as our fair planet plows through dust left along the orbit of long-period comet Thatcher. The trail of the bright fireball points back toward the shower's radiant in the constellation Lyra high in the northern springtime sky and off the top of the frame. Just rising in that starry sky, light from a third quarter moon also cast a glow on the peaceful waters of the lake.

ASTRONOMY - Moon Shadow on Jupiter

 2022 April 27

Moon Shadow on Jupiter
Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/SwRI/MSSS; Processing & License: Thomas Thomopoulos

Explanation: What is that large dark spot on Jupiter? It's the shadow of Ganymede, Jupiter's largest moon. When Jupiter's moons cross between the Jovian giant and the Sun, they created shadows just like when the Earth's moon crosses between the Earth and the Sun. Also like on Earth, if you were in a dark shadow on Jupiter, you would see a moon completely eclipse the Sun. Unlike on Earth, moon shadows occur most days on Jupiter -- what's more unusual is that a spacecraft was close enough to record one with a high-resolution image. That spacecraft, Juno, was passing so close to Jupiter in late February that nearby clouds and the dark eclipse shadow appear relatively large. Juno has made many discoveries about our Solar System's largest planet, including, recently, rapidly expanding circular auroras.

ASTROPHOTOGRAPHIE - Grains de Bailly lors d'une éclipse totale de Soleil

 

L'éclipse totale de Soleil du 9 mars 2016 photographiée à Luwuk, en Indonésie. Cette image composite de Yu Jun a remporté le premier prix du concours en 2016 dans la catégorie « Soleil ». L'auteur raconte qu'il a surtout voulu montrer la formation des « grains de Bailly » ; ces perles de lumière qui apparaissent sur le limbe de la Lune sont créées par les rayons du Soleil se faufilant entre les reliefs de notre satellite.

© Yu Jun, IAPY 2016

MERVEILLEUX MONDE SOUS-MARIN - L'atoll de Fakarava, dans l'archipel des Tuamotu

 

Atoll de Fakarava, dans l'archipel des Tuamotu, Polynésie française - Réserve de la biosphère. Vue mi-air mi-eau sur un univers paradisiaque.

© Photographe Alexis Rosenfeld

ASTRONOMY - The Great Nebula in Carina

2022 April 25

The Great Nebula in Carina
Image Credit & Copyright: Ignacio Javier Diaz Bobillo

Explanation: In one of the brightest parts of Milky Way lies a nebula where some of the oddest things occur. NGC 3372, known as the Great Nebula in Carina, is home to massive stars and changing nebulas. The Keyhole Nebula (NGC 3324), the bright structure just below the image center, houses several of these massive stars. The entire Carina Nebula, captured here, spans over 300 light years and lies about 7,500 light-years away in the constellation of Carina. Eta Carinae, the most energetic star in the nebula, was one of the brightest stars in the sky in the 1830s, but then faded dramatically. While Eta Carinae itself maybe on the verge of a supernova explosion, X-ray images indicate that much of the Great Nebula in Carina has been a veritable supernova factory.