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25/06/2023

ASTRONOMY - Sublime carte postale de Mars


Il explore la planète Mars depuis plus de dix ans maintenant. Et le rover Curiosity vient encore de nous en renvoyer des images à couper le souffle. Une spectaculaire carte postale de la Planète rouge.


Le résultat final est saisissant. Le rover qui apparaît au bas de l'image se situe dans les contreforts du mont Sharp. Celui-ci s'élève à 5 kilomètres de hauteur, dans le cratère Gale. C'est le cratère que Curiosity explore depuis son atterrissage en 2012. Au loin au-delà de ses traces se trouve Marker Band Valley, une zone sinueuse dans le « région sulfatée » dans laquelle le rover a découvert des signes inattendus d'un ancien lac. Plus près du rover -- au centre de la carte postale -- se trouvent deux collines, Bolívar et Deepdale, que Curiosity a parcourues tout en explorant Paraitepuy Pass.


FuturaSciences

24/06/2023

GEMMOLOGIE - La topaze, un silicate

 

La topaze fait partie des nésosubsilicates tout comme l'andalousite, le disthène et le sillimanite. Elle a longtemps été confondue avec l'olivine jaune. Son nom est d'ailleurs tiré de l'île de Topazios qui était un gisement d'olivine de la mer Rouge. La topaze peut changer de teinte par procédé artificiel. Couleurs : variées. © DidierDescouens, 

Wikimedia Commons, CC by-sa 3.0
FuturaSciences

ASTRONOMY - 3D Ingenuity

 2023 June 24

See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download
the highest resolution version available.

3D Ingenuity
Image Credit: NASAJPL-CaltechMSSSASU

Explanation: The multicolor, stereo imaging Mastcam-Z on the Perseverance rover zoomed in to capture this 3D close-up (get out your red/blue glasses) of the Mars Ingenuity helicopter on mission sol 45. That's Earth-date 2021 April 5. Casting a shadow on the Martian surface, Ingenuity is standing alone on its four landing legs next to the rover's wheel tracks. The experimental helicopter's solar panel, charging batteries that keep it warm through the cold Martian nights and power its flight, sits just above Ingenuity's two 1.2 meter (4 foot) long counter-rotating blades. Thirteen sols later, on April 19, Ingenuity became the first aircraft to perform powered, controlled flight on another planet. It has since gone on to complete more than 50 flights through the thin atmosphere of Mars.

22/06/2023

ASTRONOMY - Stars and Dust across Corona Australis

 2023 June 22

See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download
the highest resolution version available.

Stars and Dust across Corona Australis
Image Credit & CopyrightAlessandro Cipolat Bares

Explanation: Cosmic dust clouds cross a rich field of stars in this telescopic vista near the northern boundary of Corona Australis, the Southern Crown. Part of a sprawling molecular cloud complex this star forming region is a mere 500 light-years away. That's about one third the distance of the more famous stellar nursery known as the Orion Nebula. The 2 degree wide frame would span 15 light-years at the clouds' estimated distance. Mixed with bright nebulosities the dust clouds effectively block light from more distant background stars in the Milky Way and obscure from view embedded stars still in the process of formation. Large dark nebula Bernes 157 is on the left. To its right are a group of pretty reflection nebulae cataloged as NGC 6726, 6727, 6729, and IC 4812. Their characteristic blue color is produced as light from hot stars is reflected by the cosmic dust. The more compact NGC 6729 surrounds young variable star R Coronae Australis. Just below it, filamentary arcs and loops are identified as Herbig Haro objects associated with energetic newborn stars. In fact, at the heart of this area lies the Coronet Cluster, one of the nearest and most active star forming regions.

20/06/2023

ART FRACTAL - Fractale électrisante

 

Du jaune, de l'orange, du rose et du noir : les  peuvent rassembler tout un arsenal de formes et de . Sur cette image de fractale, les bandes noires ressemblent à des antennes électriques à travers desquelles circule un courant rose électrique. 

© Futura

GEMMOLOGIE - La rhodochrosite, une couleur éclatante


La rhodochrosite est un carbonate de manganèse (MnCO3) relativement rare. Sa belle couleur rose rouge, très appréciée en joaillerie, est due à la présence de manganèse. Couleur : rose rouge.

© The_Wookies, Wikimedia Commons, CC by 2.5
FuturaSciences

ASTRONOMY - The Ñandú in the Milky Way

 2023 June 20

Two identical images are shown side by side. On each, a silhouette of 
a person holding a long stick is shown standing on a rock before the sea. 
Above the person, running diagonally, is the central band of our Milky Way
Galaxy. On the right image, a type of bird called a Nandu is shown in outline.
 Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

The Ñandú in the Milky Way
Image Credit & Copyright: Fefo Bouvier; Line Drawing: Alfonso Rosso

Explanation: Have you seen the bird in the Milky Way? Beyond the man in the Moon, the night sky is filled with stories, and cultures throughout history have projected some of their most enduring legends onto the stars and dust above. Generations of people see these celestial icons, hear their associated stories, and pass them down. Pictured here is not only a segment of the central band of our Milky Way galaxy, but, according to folklore of several native peoples of Uruguay, the outline of a great bird called Ñandú. Furthermore, Ñandú's footprint is associated with the Southern Cross asterism. In the foreground, in silhouette, is a statue of María Micaela Guyunusa, an indigenous woman of the Charrúa people who lived in the 1800s and endures as a symbol of colonial resistance. The composite image was taken in mid-April in Cabo Polonio, Uruguay, with the Atlantic Ocean in the background.

DELICIEUSES HERBES AROMATIQUES - La verveine, pour faciliter la digestion

Les verveines appartiennent à la famille des Verbénacées. La plus connue du genre Verbena est la verveine officinale. Elle est connue depuis la nuit des temps sous le nom d'herbe aux sorciers, comme philtre d'amour, porte-bonheur ou pour lever des sorts. Elle peut être utilisée en cuisine pour aromatiser les sorbets, les crèmes, les entremets ou pour réaliser des sirops mais c'est surtout en infusion qu'on la consomme. Ses vertus thérapeutiques sont connues depuis l'Antiquité. Cette plante traite essentiellement les digestions difficiles, les vertiges et les migraines. La plante possède des propriétés apaisantes. Elle est également utilisée pour soigner les rhumatismes et les blessures. 

© Fvslb, CC by-sa 3.0 ; H. Zell, CC by-sa 3.0
FuturaSciences

19/06/2023

ASTRONOMY - The Busy Center of the Lagoon Nebula

 2023 June 19

The center of the Lagoon Nebula is pictured in false colors. 
Toward the center left, dark dust swirls around glowing gas and bright stars.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

The Busy Center of the Lagoon Nebula
Image Credit: NASAESAHubbleProcessing: Francisco Javier Pobes Serrano

Explanation: The center of the Lagoon Nebula is a whirlwind of spectacular star formation. Visible near the image center, at least two long funnel-shaped clouds, each roughly half a light-year long, have been formed by extreme stellar winds and intense energetic starlight. A tremendously bright nearby star, Herschel 36, lights the area. Vast walls of dust hide and redden other hot young stars. As energy from these stars pours into the cool dust and gas, large temperature differences in adjoining regions can be created generating shearing winds which may cause the funnels. This picture, spanning about 15 light years, combines images taken in four colors by the orbiting Hubble Space Telescope. The Lagoon Nebula, also known as M8, lies about 5000 light years distant toward the constellation of the Archer (Sagittarius).

15/06/2023

ASTRONOMY - The Shark Nebula

 2023 June 14

A dark brown cloud that appears similar to a shark is seen
against a background filled with stars and less prominent 
blue-shaded nebulas.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

The Shark Nebula
Image Credit & Copyright: Stephen Kennedy

Explanation: There is no sea on Earth large enough to contain the Shark nebula. This predator apparition poses us no danger as it is composed only of interstellar gas and dust. Dark dust like that featured here is somewhat like cigarette smoke and created in the cool atmospheres of giant stars. After being expelled with gas and gravitationally recondensing, massive stars may carve intricate structures into their birth cloud using their high energy light and fast stellar winds as sculpting tools. The heat they generate evaporates the murky molecular cloud as well as causing ambient hydrogen gas to disperse and glow red. During disintegration, we humans can enjoy imagining these great clouds as common icons, like we do for water clouds on Earth. Including smaller dust nebulae such as Lynds Dark Nebula 1235 and Van den Bergh 149 & 150, the Shark nebula spans about 15 light years and lies about 650 light years away toward the constellation of the King of Aethiopia (Cepheus).

ASTRONOMIE - GJ 1214 b : une superterre inhabitée

La superterre GJ 1214b possède un rayon environ 2,6 fois plus grand que celui de la Terre et une masse 6,5 fois plus importante. Cette exo...