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23/09/2024

ASTRONOMY - Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS Approaches

 2024 September 23

A picture shows a starfield with three prominent objects.
A blue spiral galaxy is on the lower left and another blue spiral
is just left of center. Toward the upper right is a light-colored
comet with a tail fading toward in the image bottom.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS Approaches
Image Credit & Copyright: Brian Valente & Greg Stein

Explanation: What will happen as this already bright comet approaches? Optimistic predictions have Comet C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan–ATLAS) briefly becoming easily visible to the unaided eye -- although the future brightness of comets are notoriously hard to predict, and this comet may even break up in warming sunlight. What is certain is that the comet is now unexpectedly bright and is on track to pass its closest to the Sun (0.39 AU) later this week and closest to the Earth (0.47 AU) early next month. The featured image was taken in late May as Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS, discovered only last year, passed nearly in front of two distant galaxies. The comet can now be found with binoculars in the early morning sky rising just before the Sun, while over the next few weeks it will brighten as it moves to the early evening sky.

22/09/2024

INVENTIONS A L'HORIZON 2050 - Exploiter le minerai de la lune

Les missions Apollo vers la Lune nous avaient déjà révélé la présence d'or et d'argent dans le sous-sol lunaire. Mais ces derniers sont en quantités trop faibles pour imaginer une exploitation commerciale.

En revanche, d'autres pistes pourraient s'avérer plus lucratives. Ainsi, on envisage sérieusement d'entamer l'extraction industrielle d'un isotope de l'hélium, le tritium 3H. Cet élément, rarissime sur la Terre, serait présent à hauteur de 500 millions de tonnes sur la Lune et ferait un combustible idéal pour la fusion nucléaire. Les Chinois s'intéressent également de près à cette possibilité.

JournalDuNet

ASTRONOMY - Chicagohenge: Equinox in an Aligned City

 2024 September 22

A picture of the Sun setting at the end of a long
city street is shown. 
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Chicagohenge: Equinox in an Aligned City
Image Credit & Copyright: Anthony Artese

Explanation: Chicago, in a way, is like a modern Stonehenge. The way is east to west, and the time is today. Today, and every equinox, the Sun will set exactly to the west, everywhere on Earth. Therefore, today in Chicago, the Sun will set directly down the long equatorially-aligned grid of streets and buildings, an event dubbed #chicagohengeFeatured here is a Chicago Henge picture taken during the equinox in mid-September of 2017 looking along part of Upper Wacker DriveMany cities, though, have streets or other features that are well-aligned to Earth's spin axis. Therefore, quite possibly, your favorite street may also run east - west. Tonight at sunset, with a quick glance, you can actually find out.

17/09/2024

PLANTES FASCINANTES - Un bourdon ? non - c'est l'orchidée Orphrys bombyliflora


Une fois n'est pas coutume, cette orchidée Orphrys bombyliflora peut être observée près de chez nous : dans le sud de l'Europe, en Afrique du Nord et sur certaines îles méditerranéennes. Ses fleurs en forme de bourdon lui valent le nom vernaculaire d'« ophrys à fleurs de bourdon ». Au point d'attirer les mâles bourdons, qui tentent de s'accoupler avec elles, favorisant ainsi la pollinisation !

© Hans Stieglitz, Wikimedia Commons, CC by-sa 3.0

ASTRONOMY - Melotte 15 in the Heart Nebula

 2024 September 17

A starfield is shown with a a bright orange nebula
in the center. The nebula is filamentary and takes up much
of the bottom and middle of the frame. The top is most dark
with some bright stars.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Melotte 15 in the Heart Nebula
Image Credit & Copyright: Richard McInnis

Explanation: Cosmic clouds form fantastic shapes in the central regions of emission nebula IC 1805. The clouds are sculpted by stellar winds and radiation from massive hot stars in the nebula's newborn star cluster, Melotte 15. About 1.5 million years young, the cluster stars are scattered in this colorful skyscape, along with dark dust clouds in silhouette against glowing atomic gas. A composite of narrowband and broadband telescopic images, the view spans about 15 light-years and includes emission from ionized hydrogensulfur, and oxygen atoms mapped to green, red, and blue hues in the popular Hubble PaletteWider field images reveal that IC 1805's simpler, overall outline suggests its popular name - the Heart Nebula. IC 1805 is located about 7,500 light years away toward the boastful constellation Cassiopeia.

16/09/2024

INVENTIONS A L'HORIZON 2050 - Une mini centrale nucléaire en kit


L'énergie nucléaire est à l'heure actuelle réservée à la production de grande ampleur. La puissance d'une centrale classique s'élève ainsi à plus de 1 000 mégawatts et sa construction se chiffre en milliards d'euros. D'où l'idée de développer des "mini-centrales", adaptées à une production décentralisée ou même réservées à des groupes privés.

La société américaine Babcock & Wilcox Nuclear Energy a ainsi mis au point un modèle compact de réacteur (150 MW). Il serait aussi possible de mettre en réseau ces réacteurs pour fabriquer une centrale en "kit" et réduire ainsi considérablement les coûts de construction. En 2050, le nucléaire à portée de tous ?

JournalDuNet

ASTRONOMY - Mercury's Vivaldi Crater from BepiColombo

 2024 September 16

The cratered surface of a large body is shown: Mercury.
The largest feature visible is a large impact crater with two
rings, near the image center. Arms from the BepiColumbo 
spacecraft that took the image are seen extending into the 
image from the top and the right. 
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Mercury's Vivaldi Crater from BepiColombo
Image Credit: ESAJAXABepiColomboMTM

Explanation: Why does this large crater on Mercury have two rings and a smooth floor? No one is sure. The unusual feature called Vivaldi Crater spans 215 kilometers and was imaged again in great detail by ESA's and JAXA's robotic BepiColombo spacecraft on a flyby earlier this month. A large circular feature on a rocky planet or moon is usually caused by either an impact by a small asteroid or a comet fragment, or a volcanic eruption. In the case of Vivaldi, it is possible that both occurred -- a heavy strike that caused a smooth internal lava flow. Double-ringed craters are rare, and the cause of the inner rings remains a topic of research. The speed-slowing gravity-assisted flyby of Mercury by BepiColombo was in preparation for the spacecraft entering orbit around the Solar System's innermost planet in 2026.

15/09/2024

INVENTIONS A L'HORIZON 2050 - La ferme verticale nourrira les citadins


On estime qu'à partir de 2050, 6,4 milliards d'habitants résideront en milieu urbain, contre 3,3 milliards aujourd'hui. C'et pourquoi de nombreux cabinets d'architectes planchent sur des projets de "fermes verticales", où les cultures prendraient place dans des immeubles.

Selon ses promoteurs, l'agriculture urbaine ne présente que des avantages : elle permet une production en continu, économise des surfaces arables, crée une filière intégrée avec les industries de transformation alimentaires, réduit le temps de stockage et de transport, etc. La "Tour vivante", imaginée par l'agence Soa architectes regroupe des habitations avec des serres pour une production maraîchère.

JournalDuNet

ASTRONOMY - Find the Man in the Moon

 2024 September 15

Earth's Moon is shown just beyond a rocky hill. The Moon is
near full phase. On the hill the silhouette of a person looking
through a telescope can be seen. A rollover darkens part of the 
Moon that looks to some like a human face.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Find the Man in the Moon
Image Credit & Copyright: Dani Caxete

Explanation: Have you ever seen the Man in the Moon? This common question plays on the ability of humans to see pareidolia -- imagining familiar icons where they don't actually exist. The textured surface of Earth's full Moon is home to numerous identifications of iconic objects, not only in modern western culture but in world folklore throughout history. Examples, typically dependent on the Moon's perceived orientation, include the Woman in the Moon and the Rabbit in the Moon. One facial outline commonly identified as the Man in the Moon starts by imagining the two dark circular areas -- lunar maria -- here just above the Moon's center, to be the eyes. Surprisingly, there actually is a man in this Moon image -- a close look will reveal a real person -- with a telescope -- silhouetted against the Moon. This well-planned image was taken in 2016 in Cadalso de los Vidrios in MadridSpain.

14/09/2024

ASTRONOMY - The Moona Lisa

 2024 September 14

See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download
the highest resolution version available.

The Moona Lisa
Image Credit & Copyright: Gianni Sarcone and Marcella Giulia Pace

Explanation: Only natural colors of the Moon in planet Earth's sky appear in this creative visual presentation. Arranged as pixels in a framed image, the lunar disks were photographed at different times. Their varying hues are ultimately due to reflected sunlight affected by changing atmospheric conditions and the alignment geometry of Moon, Earth, and Sun. Here, the darkest lunar disks are the colors of earthshine. A description of earthshine, in terms of sunlight reflected by Earth's oceans illuminating the Moon's dark surface, was written over 500 years ago by Leonardo da Vinci. But stand farther back from your screen or just shift your gaze to the smaller versions of the image. You might also see one of da Vinci's most famous works of art.

BIOMES - Madagascar

Dans les forêts des basses terres de Madagascar, une précieuse biodiversité FuturaSciences