Nombre total de pages vues

06/12/2023

ASTRONOMY - Stars Versus Dust in the Carina Nebula

 2023 December 6

Brown dust pillars in the Carina Nebula are shown. 
Many appear like a torch since their ends are lit up with
starlight.
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Stars Versus Dust in the Carina Nebula
Image Credit: NASAESAHubble Heritage (STScI/AURA); Processing: Franco Meconi (Terraza al Cosmos)

Explanation: It's stars versus dust in the Carina Nebula and the stars are winning. More precisely, the energetic light and winds from massive newly formed stars are evaporating and dispersing the dusty stellar nurseries in which they formed. Located in the Carina Nebula and inside a region known informally as Mystic Mountain, these pillars' appearance is dominated by opaque brown dust even though it is composed mostly of clear hydrogen gas. Even though some of the dust pillars look like torches, their ends are not on fire -- rather, they are illuminated by nearby stars. About 7,500 light-years distant, the featured image was taken with the Hubble Space Telescope and highlights an interior region of Carina known as HH1066 which spans nearly a light year. Within a few million years, the stars will likely win out completely and the dust torches will completely evaporate.

05/12/2023

GEMMOLOGIE - Joaillerie Céleste (Et spaciale) - Les croissants de lune (Époque Victorienne et après)


A l’image des bijoux ornés d’étoiles, les bijoux en forme de lune sont également très en vogue dès la deuxième moitié du XIXe siècle. Les raisons sont à peu près similaires à celles exposées dans le paragraphe précédent sur les bijoux s’inspirant des étoiles. Mais dans ce cas précis, outre l’association classique entre lune et symbole féminin, la lune trouve plus précisément une origine dans la redécouverte de la civilisation gréco-romaine. Peut-être que l’expression « triade lunaire » ne vous est pas étrangère, elle symbolise les trois déesses autour de la lune : Séléné, Hécate et Artémis en grec (Luna, Hécate et Diane) symbolisent respectivement la pleine lune, la nouvelle lune ou lune noire et le croissant de lune. Elles sont bien entendues extrêmement honorées à leur époque et encore aujourd’hui, les mouvements Wicca continuent de célébrer Hécate, la déesse qui permet la communication entre le terrestre et l’invisible. En Mésopotamie, il existait Ishtar, déesse de la guerre, de l’amour et de la vie. Les Sumériens vénéraient Inanna qui avait des attributions similaires. Vous trouverez de très nombreux textes sur le sujet si celui-ci vous intéresse. Je vous assure qu’il est absolument passionnant. Les bijoux ornés d’une ou plusieurs lunes sont donc des bijoux très symboliques, tournés vers le féminin et ils se complètent parfois de cette fameuse bonne étoile. Le motif se décline sur tous les types de bijoux et se voit souvent agrémenté de diamants, de turquoises, de pierres gemmes diverses mais surtout d’opales.

LeGemmologue

ASTRONOMY - Energetic Particle Strikes the Earth

 2023 December 5

An illustrations depicts a high energy cosmic ray
starting an air shower in the Earth's atmosphere. Below
is an array of air shower detectors. 
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Energetic Particle Strikes the Earth
Illustration Credit: Osaka Metropolitan U./L-INSIGHTKyoto U./Ryuunosuke Takeshige

Explanation: It was one of the most energetic particles ever known to strike the Earth -- but where did it come from? Dubbed Amaterasu after the Shinto sun goddess, this particle, as do all cosmic rays that strike the Earth's atmosphere, caused an air shower of electrons, protons, and other elementary particles to spray down onto the Earth below. In the featured illustration, a cosmic ray air shower is pictured striking the Telescope Array in UtahUSA, which recorded the Amaterasu event in 2021 May. Cosmic ray air showers are common enough that you likely have been in a particle spray yourself, although you likely wouldn't have noticed. The origin of this energetic particle, likely the nucleus of an atom, remains a mystery in two ways. First, it is not known how any single particle or atomic nucleus can practically acquire so much energy, and second, attempts to trace the particle back to where it originated did not indicate any likely potential source.

04/12/2023

ASTRONOMY - Plane Crossing Crescent Moon

 2023 December 4

A thin crescent moon is shown with a bright red 
contrail going through it, right to left. 
Please see the explanation for more detailed information.

Plane Crossing Crescent Moon
Image Credit & Copyright: Juned Patel

Explanation: No, the Moon is not a bow, and no, it did not shoot out a plane like an arrow. What is pictured is a chance superposition. The plane's contrail would normally appear white, but the large volume of air toward the rising Sun preferentially knocked away blue light, not only making the sky blue, but giving the reflected trail a bright red hue. Far in the distance, well behind the plane, the crescent Moon also appears slightly reddened. Captured early last month from BoltonUK, the featured image was taken so soon after sunrise that the plane was sunlit from below, as was its contrail. Within minutes, unfortunately, the impromptu sky show ended. The plane moved out of sight. The Moon kept rising but became harder to see through a brightening sky. And the contrail gradually dispersed.

03/12/2023

ASTRONOMY - Moon Setting Behind Teide Volcano

 2023 December 3

Moon Setting Behind Teide Volcano
Video Credit & CopyrightDaniel López (El Cielo de Canarias); Music: Piano della Moon (Dan Silva)

Explanation: These people are not in danger. What is coming down from the left is just the Moon, far in the distance. Luna appears so large here because she is being photographed through a telescopic lens. What is moving is mostly the Earth, whose spin causes the Moon to slowly disappear behind Mount Teide, a volcano in the Canary Islands off the northwest coast of Africa. The people pictured are 16 kilometers away and many are facing the camera because they are watching the Sun rise behind the photographer. It is not a coincidence that a full moon rises just when the Sun sets because the Sun is always on the opposite side of the sky from a full moon. The featured video was made in 2018 during the full Milk Moon. The video is not time-lapse -- this was really how fast the Moon was setting.

02/12/2023

ASTRONOMY - Startrails over Beijing Ancient Observatory

2023 December 2
See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download
the highest resolution version available.

Startrails over Beijing Ancient Observatory
Image Credit & Copyright: Jeff Dai (TWAN)

Explanation: You can take a subway ride to visit this observatory in Beijing, China but you won't find any telescopes there. Starting in the 1400s astronomers erected devices at the Beijing Ancient Observatory site to enable them to accurately measure and track the positions of naked-eye stars and planets. Some of the large, ornate astronomical instruments are still standing. You can even see stars from the star observation platform today, but now only the very brightest celestial beacons are visible against the city lights. In this time series of exposures from a camera fixed to a tripod to record graceful arcing startrails, the brightest trail is actually the Moon. Its broad arc is seen behind the ancient observatory's brass armillary sphere. Compare this picture from the Beijing Ancient Observatory taken in September 2023 to one taken in 1895

01/12/2023

GEMMOLOGIE - Joaillerie Céleste (Et spaciale) - Les bijoux dédiés à l’étoile polaire (Époque Victorienne et après)

Plus de l’étoile polaire, ce sont les étoiles qui trouvent le chemin des bijoux au milieu du XIXe siècle. Plusieurs raisons à cela, mais surtout des découvertes archéologiques importantes qui font redécouvrir des civilisations oubliées et qui provoquent un regain d’intérêt pour des cultures disparues dont la plupart utilisaient le ciel comme outils de détermination. Le mouvement spirite se développe aussi rapidement au cours de ce même siècle. Dans les pays anglo-saxons, les Witchcraft Acts ont réglementé la pratique de la sorcellerie jusqu’au milieu du XXe siècle. Cela semble incroyable mais c’est pourtant vrai. Derrière cet intérêt pour l’Histoire, les esprits, la mort ou du moins le culte de ce qui a disparu, il faut surtout replacer le contexte d’une époque bouleversée par la révolution industrielle. Cet intérêt pour ce qui n’est plus est une forme d’ancrage ; car ce qui n’est plus ne peut changer et c’est rassurant. Les joailliers s’emparent donc de ce phénomène. On pense forcément au portrait de Sissi avec des bijoux étoiles dans sa coiffure (Franz Xaver Winterhalter, 1865). Et on voit ainsi fleurir des bijoux avec des étoiles en général ou des bijoux avec Polaris ou Stella Maris, cette étoile polaire, symbole d’espoir et d’affection, qui donne le Nord et oriente ceux qui sont perdus…

LeGemmologue

AERONAUTIQUE - Les plus gros avions du monde - Antonov AN-225 Mriya


Avec ses 84 mètres de longueur, soit pratiquement la longueur d'un terrain de football, l'Antonov AN-225 Mriya est l'avion le plus long et le plus lourd jamais construit. Conçu en Ukraine alors que le pays était encore rattaché au bloc de l'URSS, il peut embarquer 640 tonnes de fret. Il n'en n'existe qu'un seul exemplaire, opéré par Antonov Airlines. Il ne vole qu'une ou deux fois par an pour transporter de gigantesques équipements, comme en 2009, un générateur de 187,5 tonnes à destination de l'Arménie et qui est la pièce la plus lourde jamais transportée par avion. Des discussions seraient en cours avec une compagnie chinoise pour relancer la production.

Longueur : 84 mètres
Envergure : 88,4 mètres
Premier vol : 1988

FuturaSciences

ASTRONOMY - Milky Way Rising

 2023 December 1

See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download
the highest resolution version available.

Milky Way Rising
Image Credit & CopyrightJosé Rodrigues

Explanation: The core of the Milky Way is rising beyond the Chilean mountain-top La Silla Observatory in this deep night skyscape. Seen toward the constellation Sagittarius, our home galaxy's center is flanked on the left, by the European Southern Observatory's New Technology Telescope which pioneered the use of active optics to accurately control the shape of large telescope mirrors. To the right stands the ESO 3.6-meter Telescope, home of the exoplanet hunting HARPS and NIRPS spectrographs. Between them, the galaxy's central bulge is filled with obscuring clouds of interstellar dust, bright stars, clusters, and nebulae. Prominent reddish hydrogen emission from the star-forming Lagoon Nebula, M8, is near center. The Trifid Nebula, M20, combines blue light of a dusty reflection nebula with reddish emission just left of the cosmic Lagoon. Both are popular stops on telescopic tours of the galactic center. The composited image is a stack of separate exposures for ground and sky made in April 2023, all captured consecutively with the same framing and camera equipment.

30/11/2023

ASTRONOMY - Artemis 1: Flight Day 13

 2023 November 30

See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download
the highest resolution version available.

Artemis 1: Flight Day 13
Image Credit: NASAArtemis I

Explanation: On flight day 13 (November 28, 2022) of the Artemis I mission, the Orion spacecraft reached its maximum distance from its home world. Over 430,000 kilometers from Earth in a distant retrograde orbit, Orion surpassed the record for most distant spacecraft designed to carry humans. That record was previously set in 1970 during the Apollo 13 mission to the Moon. Both Earth and Moon are in the same field of view in this video frame from Orion on Artemis I mission flight day 13. The planet and its large natural satellite even appear about the same apparent size from the uncrewed spacecraft's perspective.

ASTRONOMY - Planet Earth at Twilight

 2024 December 27 Planet Earth at Twilight Image Credit:  ISS Expedition 2 Crew ,  Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth ,  NASA Explana...